Science
Global warming is an important issue for humans to consider and science to figure out. Personally I don't care very much about global warming and have never been active in green movements. The evidence presented in this class is very informative and useful when taking into account the numerous known and unknown causes and cures for global warming. However, my attitude towards global warming is unchanged. According to the Common Attitudes Toward...
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added: 09/27/2011
Human kind has entered a brand new relationship with the earth. The constant and increasing
pressures we are exerting threaten our planets ability to sustain life itself. Change-in the way we think , and
in the way we live-is needed now.
Global warming is the most urgent environmental problem the world will face in the next decade
and the next century. Few, if any, trends are more important to our future than climate change caused by
human activities. Scientist around the world are warning us that global warming poses a major threat to our
future quality of life, previously there has been little information on this problem. Right now, the rate of
global warming may be 100 times faster than it has ever been. Very soon the earth may become hotter then
at any time in human history. In the last decades the problems of atmospheric change have been gravely
advanced by pollution resulting from human activities. These environmental changes pose a real threat to
the lives of people and wild life.
It is vital to all of us that we fully understand the complex relationship between the atmosphere
and the earth.
The earth is getting warmer. the changes are small, so far, but they are expected to grow and speed
up. Within the next 50 to 100 years, the earth will continue to heat up hotter than it has been in the past
million years.
as oceans warm and glaciers melt, land and cities along coasts may be flooded. Heat and drought
may cause forests to die and food crops to fail. Global warming will effect weather everywhere, plants and
animals everywhere and people everywhere.
Humans are warming the earth?s atmosphere by burning fuels, cutting down forests, and by taking
part in other activities that release certain heat- trapping gasses into the air. Humans all over the world need
to get together and solve these problems.
In the southern hemisphere, the...
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added: 07/06/2011
The last decade, 1990-2000, was the warmest decade on record; 1998 was the warmest recorded year, and it seems inarguable that global warming should be a very large concern. All the nations of the world must work together if we are to successfully address the problem of global warming. It is imperative that we reach a global accord on the methodology quickly, for the longer we wait the worse the problem becomes. Currently the future of such initiatives looks dim. While the UN has created several programs to deal with Global Warming, many have been ignored by member countries. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has successfully evaluated the problem of global warming, but was not designed to actively aid solutions, merely to suggest them. The Framework Convention on Climate Change (issued by the Rio Summit of 1992) has failed to produce any real results in the effort to reduce global warming, and the Kyoto Protocol of 1999 was severely crippled by the withdrawal of the United States, which produces 24% of the greenhouse gas emissions worldwide. All previous efforts, while attempting to deal with the problem of global warming, have been crippled by political maneuvering. Many national leaders were more worried about selling any proposal to their voters then actually dealing with global warming. This is not entirely the politicians' fault. Most of the world is uneducated about the realities and dangers of global warming, and therefore dismiss it as harmless. The economic policy of Kyoto, the only real attempt to regulate pollution output, was flawed. The emissions cap for countries was estimated to be 8 to 14 times more expensive than an optimal trading policy, and the cost emission permits would have quickly skyrocketed. Any future policy should be designed with the successes and failures of past efforts in mind. Only then will a truly coherent global policy emerge. There are many actions we could take that are cheap and significantly...
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added: 11/08/2011
The greenhouse effect, what exactly is this? The sun supplies the energy to warm the earth. The atmosphere absorbs outgoing reflected thermal radiation to keep then earth warmer than it would be otherwise. That is the greenhouse effect. Just like a greenhouse, it stays warm because the closed windows prevent the air from inside to cool by circulating. The main concern about the greenhouse effect is the constant warming of the earth. Scientists fear that this warming may be a risk to humans, plants, and animals. The world warms at the accelerated rates and concentrations of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases continues building up in the atmosphere. As the oceans warm, they are not able to absorb as much carbon dioxide from the atmosphere as they do today. Global warming risk assessment is complex because it is associated with the ozone depletion problem. Ozone depletion is represented by one main factor: chlorine and bromine from halocarbons. The higher these chemicals concentrations, the lower the ozone concentrations. It is a proven process, and the thinning ozone layer can be measured. Warming effects are such that the "short-term winners" –areas where the climate has become more temperate and crop yields have risen-are now deteriorating result of a drastically destroyed world economy. An opposing factor of the greenhouse effect is that the main greenhouse absorber of infrared radiation is water vapor and clouds, not carbon dioxide! I f all of the greenhouse gases, expect water vapor, were to suddenly disappear, we would still be left with a significant fraction of the current greenhouse effect. Many scientists still feel, however that any increase in carbon dioxide and other smaller greenhouse gases would still lead to a rise in global temperatures. There have been studies conducted on the correlation of sea surface temperatures and the intensity and...
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added: 10/30/2011
Global warming is one of the most challenging environmental problems in existence today. It threatens the health of the earth's inhabitants and the world's economies every day. With global warming comes longer and more intense heat waves and storms. Along with those climate changes, come more pests which in turn can carry devastating diseases. Forestry and farming are feeling the negative impact of global warming and we're also seeing traces of a devastated ecosystem. To prevent further damage and begin repairing the damaging effects of global warming, policies must be implemented and diligently enforced. Energy conservation is the only policy that I would put into effect. This policy would be very broad; encompassing as many aspects of energy use as possible. The first item on the table would be to force automobile manufacturers to only produce vehicles with high MPG ratings and eventually to develop new models that are not run on gasoline alone. Such vehicles are known as hybrids and are run on a combination of electricity and gasoline. Currently, the technology is available to manufacture cars with 40+ mpg ratings, however, the concern lies with the increasing number of trucks and SUVs that are known worldwide as "gas-guzzlers". These larger vehicles are becoming more and more prevalent and currently do not meet any efficiency standards. Requiring that all new SUVs and trucks from this point forward be as fuel efficient as their smaller counterparts, would be a large step in the way of vehicle efficiency and pave the way for less gasoline reliance. This in turn will allow for fewer emissions of carbon dioxide from the vehicles that we have all come to rely on for our sole source of transportation. The next policy to implement would be that technology be developed to make all appliances run efficiently; from refrigerators and...
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added: 12/12/2011
The beginning of the Industrial Revolution brought many new, exciting inventions into our lives to simplify our lives and made them more efficient. Such inventions included cars, household appliances and plants that burn solid waste, fossil fuels such as oil, natural gas, and coal, and wood and wood products for fuel. Before the Industrial Revolution, human activities caused very few gases to be released into the atmosphere, but now scientists say, through the burning of fossil fuels, a large population growth and deforestation, humans are affecting the mixture of gases in the atmosphere. This mixture of gases in the atmosphere is causing the worldwide problem known as...
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added: 11/07/2011
Global warming refers to an average increase in the Earth's temperature, which in turn causes changes in climate. A warmer Earth may lead to changes in rainfall patterns, a rise in sea level, and a wide range of impacts on plants, wildlife, and humans. When scientists talk about the issue of climate change, their concern is about global warming caused by human activities. An examination of surface temperature records shows there has been a gradual increase in average temperatures around the world over the past century. Once, all climate changes occurred naturally. However, during the Industrial Revolution, we began altering our climate and environment through agricultural and industrial practices. The Industrial Revolution was a time when people began using machines to make life easier. It started more than 200 years ago and changed the way humans live. Before the Industrial Revolution, human activity released very few gases into the atmosphere, but now through population growth, fossil fuel burning, and deforestation, we are affecting the mixture of gases in the atmosphere. Since the Industrial Revolution, the need for energy to run machines has steadily increased. . While some degree of warming can be explained by natural processes, such as geologic cycles, volcanic eruptions and cosmic intrusions (asteroids), it is argued that human activities that produce greenhouse gases and alter the earth's surface may be causing an acceleration of the warming process. Energy that makes cars run and much of the energy used to light and heat our homes, comes from fuels like coal and oil – fossil fuels. Burning these fuels releases greenhouse gases. We send greenhouse gases into the air when we watch television or listen to a stereo. By using the air conditioner, microwave, washing machine, or hair dryer we are helping to send greenhouse gases into the air. To perform many...
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added: 09/30/2011
Global Warming - Its Implications on the Human Population Though there is some scepticism that climate change is a result of human actions, it is unlikely to be a natural event. Some dismiss the phenomenon known as "global warming" as a hoax, and claim that yuppies driving SUVs could not possibly change the overall temperature of the earth. In a sense, this misguided notion is true- but climate change is much more than "yuppies driving SUVs." It is industry freely burning fossil fuels to make a profit, and about the fact that every person on the earth requires energy, a clean source for which does not yet exist, or has not been implemented because of the tight grip governments and corporations hold on their stake in energy (fossil fuels), on which they know every person is dependant. Nine of the eleven hottest years in the 20th century have occurred since 1985, which is not consistent with a natural trend [Haines et al., 1998]. Glacier shrinkage is occurring at a much faster rate than can be explained by natural trends [Oerlermans, 1994]. Even when the heat effects of volcanoes and other misleading weather phenomena that would make the temperature of the earth seem higher than it actually is are taken out of consideration, studies show that the surface temperature of the earth has been increasing at a rate of 0.17 degrees Celsius per decade [Haines et al., 1998]. These figures are not consistent with a natural trend, and, when one considers the tens of thousands of years in which humans have inhabited the earth, and that humans have really only started burning fossil fuels heavily since the industrial revolution, and the fact that the world's population is only going to increase, this number is dauntingly enormous. Increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere may alter...
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added: 11/12/2011
"Man did not weave the web of life- he is merely a strand in it. Whatever he does to the web, he does to himself." Chief Seattle, 1854 Since the mid-1800s, human activities- chiefly the burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil and natural gases) and the clearing of land- have increased the amounts of heat trapping atmospheric gases. Most of the burning takes place in automobiles, electric power plants and industrial facilities. The clearing of land reduces the amount of carbon dioxide that trees and other plants remove from the atmosphere. Although researchers have not yet fully proved that the increase in greenhouse gases has raised the surface temperature, many scientist consider such a relationship likely. A smaller number of scientist argue that the increase in greenhouse gases has not made a measurable difference in the climate. These scientists say that the warming trend is a normal change in the climate system. The global cooling trend that began in the 1940s was reversed in the last quarter of the 20th century. By the year 2000, mean northern hemisphere temperature had risen by approximately 0.4 degrees Celsius, compared to the early 1970s. Climatologist explained that this increase in temperatures was due principally to the warming effects of increasing amounts of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, which predominated over a slow, natural cooling effect (Jackson 2). Scientist must understand and address the public's perception of the global warming problem. The public perceive global warming as a long term problem, whose effects are uncertain and won't really be felt in our own lifetimes. We are uncertain of the consequences and percieve its impacts as being far off in the future. The unusually hot summers of the past few years have helped to make people take global warning seriously; even though scientist are far from agreeing as to...
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added: 12/27/2011
After our discussion class about globalization, I changed my point of view about this topic. Before the class I knew little information about globalization but after the class I was amazed about what globalization actually is. Globalization which has acquired considerable controversial force, in some view it as a process that is beneficial which could be a key to future of the world economic development. Others regard it with aggression, even fear, believing that it increases inequality within and between nations, threatens employment and living standards and prevents social progress. I am sure that one of the above is right, but we can only find out the truth in a couple of years. The term has come into common usage since the 1980s, reflecting technological advances that have made it easier and quicker to complete international transactions, both in trade and financial situations. It refers to an extension beyond national borders of the same market forces that have operated for centuries at all levels of human economic activity in villages markets, urban industries, or financial centers. Generally speaking, markets promote efficiency through competition and the division of labour and the specialization that allows people and economies to focus on what they do best. For example, Brazil is probably the best at producing coffee beans, while Saudi Arabia is the finest at manufacturing oil. Global markets offer greater opportunity for people to integrate into more and larger markets around the world. It means that they can have access to more capital flows, technology, cheaper imports, and larger export markets. But markets do not necessarily ensure that the benefits of increased efficiency are shared by all. Countries must be prepared to embrace the policies needed, and in the case of the poorest countries may need the support of the international community as they do so....
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added: 01/17/2012
The Physician-Assistant (PA) profession has continued to expand since its establishment in the 1970's where it is now highly respected in the United States as a health care occupation. Now the profession has taken another step is moving beyond US borders and into various countries around the globe. The PA profession is certainly globalizing and moving further into various health care systems. The idea is being modified and adapted to fit into the health care systems of numerous countries. There many reasons for why countries around the world are looking into this profession, which will be addressed and certain countries will be examined as to why they are seeking to implement the PA profession into their health care system. PAs are health care professionals licensed to practice medicine with physician supervision where they conduct physical exams, diagnose and treat illnesses, order and interpret tests, counsel on preventive health care, assist in surgery, and in most states can write prescriptions. The first PA program began at Duke University in 1965. The visionary and founder of this program was Dr. Eugene A. Stead, Sr. He envisioned this profession because he wanted a trained health care worker who would take some of the more tedious tasks that the physician had to do. Another pioneer of this profession was Dr. Richard Smith, founder of the MEDEX program at the University of Washington. These two men could not have fully envisioned the success of this profession There are many reasons for which the PA concept is spreading to countries around the world. The first factor contributing to the awareness of the PA profession internationally is that they are highly recommended by foreign physicians who work alongside them while training here in the United States. Thus, after these physicians have been exposed to the vital role PAs play...
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added: 12/30/2011
Glucosamine: A Safe and Successful Dietary Supplement? The effectiveness and safety of Glucosamine is a subject of both complexity and diverse opinion. Like many of the new herbs introduced into today's economy, this one has supposed health benefits. But still, as with any new drug, its usefulness in its field is both defended and criticized. While some agree that Glucosamine has the ability to aid in the treatment of osteoarthritis, (its main purpose in medicine) others feel that its research is still limited and new, and therefore needs further analysis before making a definite prognosis. To fully understand whether Glucosamine is in fact a successful supplement one must first observe the history of the drug, what it is currently used for and if it has credible evidence supporting this, and lastly, if it has any health concerns that might speak towards its ineffectiveness. Glucosamine is present in most human tissues, and is therefore thought to promote the formation and repair of cartilage. It has been studied for close to four decades now, originating in Germany in the late 1960's. The research over this time period has been primarily studies comparing glucosamine to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Because of its functions in the repair of cartilage and such, dating back to birth of its findings, glucosamine has been continually related and tested towards the relief of osteoarthritis, or OA. Over the years, as research continued and progressed, the main function of the herb remained the same while its effectiveness grew in popularity. With greater and more specific studies, scientists and patients began to see that glucosamine was in fact benefiting the conditions of OA. As discussed briefly above, Glucosamine has been tested for many years concerning treatments of Osteoarthritis. The disease itself is simply the continuing wearing and tearing on the joints which leads to...
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added: 11/22/2011
JOSHUA GILPIN GilpinJR AUSTRALIA BUTLER-IFSA ESSAY 1 The program I chose is through IFSA-Butler. The city and university that I felt could offer me the most are Perth, Australia and The University of Western Australia, respectively. After perusing all of my program options, Butler seemed to offer the most, relative to what I expect to gain from studying abroad. The excursions included in this package will provide me with the opportunity to visit other cities and sites that I might not have the chance to experience if I were taking this trip on my own. I hope to see as much of Australia as possible and meet as many natives while visiting in order to learn anything and everything about the culture of "The Land Down Under." The courses I wish to take include a couple of business courses along with two informative classes on Australia, its people, land, and way of life. My major at the University of Texas at Austin is mechanical engineering, however, I do not plan to enroll in any engineering courses while abroad because I am close to completing my coursework and it will be difficult to transfer credits that will fulfill the highly specialized course requirements that remain between me and graduation. Also, I do not feel that the enrollment in engineering courses will enhance my trip in any way, nor would it be relevant to my purpose for going abroad. From what I have read about Perth, I believe this city has everything I would need to maximize my study abroad experience. I have only been abroad once before in Argentina. However, my interest in other cultures is growing daily. I want to see how the rest of the world views the U.S. Being born and raised in Houston, TX, I feel I have been confined to certain ideals and...
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added: 12/14/2011
Have you ever lost a loved one? If you have you know that it is probably one of the most difficult, yet inevitable tasks to deal with in life. Bereavement experts gather data on how to deal with the loss, and if you have lost a loved one you know that any was of easing the pain is welcome. While many aspects of coping have been studied, it is also important to know that there are individual patterns of grieving for every one of us. For many years, grief has been broken down into stages. One cycle was made famous by Elizabeth Kubler-Ross M.D. Her cycle was that of: denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance. Recently, however, researchers have found that for many, not all stages apply. Camille Wortman Ph. D. and Roxanne Cohen-Silver Ph.D. found that many people have individual patterns such as unending grief, and others showed no distress to the loss at all. It was also found that some people who do not grieve were physically and mentally healthier 6 and 14 months after the loss to those that openly grieved. The recovery period is also different for different people. While some people accept the fact that a loved one is gone within a year, others find that the second year is much harder. To a loved one, when someone is lost abruptly, they seem to really realize the loss during times when they would normally see or need that person, at a holiday for example. When this happens a number of times, the person may enter a state of shock, which will greatly slow the recovery period sometimes into extended periods of time. Another question that is raised in individual grieving is in the difference between male and female patterns. A recent study at the University of Kentucky showed...
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added: 01/15/2012
GOOD WILL HUNTING MOVIE ANALYSIS Scene 1 – When Will beats up the guy in the schoolyard Will remembers a kid from High School who beat him up. So he walks up to him and gets revenge by beating him up. • Episodic or Flashbulb memory – He remembers getting beaten up • He resorts to violence as he was punished that way Scene 2 – Will argues with the college student in the bar Will recites a passage from his history book complete with the quote and page number. • An example of amazing memory retention through visual codes. • In his generic memory Scene 3 – Will goes to a psychologist who tries to hypnotize him The psychologist attempts to hypnotize Will and tries to treat him while he's in an altered state of consciousness. It doesn't work as hypnosis only works for the people who believe it and Will obviously does not believe it. Scene 4 – Sean McGuire punishes Will when he mentions his deceased wife Sean McGuire punishes Will for what he says. After this Will decides not to mention it again, scared of the consequences. • Punishment. Operant Conditioning. Scene 5 – McGuire gives Will the silent treatment McGuire learns after the first session that him starting the conversation will not get a good reply from Will. So he decides to wait for Will to start a conversation. • Observational learning Scene 6 – McGuire remembers two episodic memories McGuire remembers two memories of the baseball game/when he first met his wife and how she farts in her sleep • Flashbulb memory • Episodic memory Scene 7 – Will hangs around Skylar more as it makes him feel good Will learns that hanging around Skylar gives him more satisfaction and generally a good feeling. He decides to hang around with Skylar more as he wants to feel good. In turn this is decreasing the bad behavior...
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added: 02/16/2012
My first source, the article titled "The U.S. Government Is Covering Up Evidence of UFOs" was taken from the series of books titled Opposing Viewpoints. This article was written by written by Dennis Stacy. This source contained clear-cut facts and turned out to be a reliable source.
The most popular cause of supposed UFO cover up is the crash at Roswell, New Mexico in 1947. As rural farmers, Mac Brazel and Timothy Proctor were awoken by a loud crashing noise in the middle of the night. When they went outside in the morning to investigate, "Brazel and young Proctor stumbled across something unearthly- a field of tattered debris two to three hundred yards wide stretching some three-fourths of a mile in length." (101) Brazel, not knowing what he had stumbled upon, brought some of the crash into town and then to the Air Force base near by. Investigator then went to the ranch to survey the debris. "The material that they found consisted mostly of highly flexible metallic-like fragments and pieces of a light but stiff material that appeared to be covered with strange writing or figures." (Cohen 94) That day there was a press release put out by the military that stated UFOs had become a reality. (101) There was widespread hype about the event and the crash around the country. But the next day, the military put out another press release. It downplayed the crash being of a UFO and the wreck was said to be a weather balloon with an attached radar reflector. (101) With this, any report of an immediate follow-up was hopeless. This shows that the government could have actually been covering up a UFO and trying to make sure the public didn't know about it or even believe it happened. The story was dropped and...
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added: 07/02/2011
In asserting that scientific research, whose consequences are unclear, should not be supported by government, the author fails to acknowledge that it is not fair to give up searching for the cure of the century's diseases such as AIDS by saying the research consequences are unclear. However, I agree with the statement to the extent that there are many important issues, which government must find a solution for it, such as pollution. As the population of world increases without control, there are many important topics, which governments of all countries need to pay careful attention (must yerine bunu kullaniyorsun afferim). Pollution, traffic, sports facilities, jobless people, homeless people, uneducated people, the youth lost in sex and drug market are a few examples among these topics. A more problematic issue is that if governments do not take precaution for these issues, tomorrow would be harder than today to solve these problems. Therefore, it would be wiser to invest in these kinds of topics, which have clear solution, instead of funding several research areas, on which we do not expect good results with a big probability. A dramatic result could be obtained when a comparison of how much money the world lost for not solving the above mentioned topics and for funding scientific researches, which did not give clear results. On the other hand, the century's diseases such as AIDS do harm the economy of all of the countries in the world as well as do harm the lives of many families. A cure in AIDS would save billions of dollars in the world. For now, a research, which do not give meaningful results to us, might be meaningful to us with the next research results combined. Therefore, if the world's best professionals want to work on AIDS for curing, the required fund could...
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added: 12/24/2011
GPS systems are navigation systems that can locate a person to within a few meters. The system was created and previously restricted to the military, but for an unknown reason, they decided to open it up for everyone to use. The Global Positioning System works off of 24 satellites that are strategically positioned around the entire globe. There are really 27 satellites, but three extras are kept up there incase one of the satellites decides to become dysfunctional. These satellites have about a 12,000 mile radius and revolve around the earth about twice a day. The GPS finds the receiver's location through a process called trilateration. This is a process where the receiver sends radio signals (at the speed of light) to at least three satellites (but it is usually more to gain accuracy). These satellites then return the signal. The receiver knows how far it took for the signal to travel back and forth and can then determine how far away the satellite is from the receiver. There is actually a delay between the signals. The receiver knows to take the delay between the signals and multiply it by the speed of light. When this is multiplied by the speed of light, it will give the receiver the exact distance the satellite is from it. To make a time measurement this specific, the receiver and the satellite must contain a state-of-the-art clock. All the satellites contain atomic clocks, which are extremely expensive. They are far too expensive to put into the receivers, so someone came up with the idea of putting quartz clocks into them. If the receiver is off, it will measure each of the satellites incorrectly. However, with four being measured (what is usually measured, not three), the measurement will be proportionally incorrect, and it will be able to make...
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added: 01/09/2012
My task is to investigate the relationship between the gradients of tangents on the curves of graphs, such as y=x2. To do this, I will first find the gradient of tangents on the graph y=x2 by drawing the graph. I have labelled the tangents a-g. They go from x=-3 to x=4. Below are the calculations for their gradients. (I am using the formula (y2-y1)/(x2-x1)to calculate the gradient of the line. a= (12-6)/(-3.5--2.5) = 6/-1 = -6 b= (6-2)/(-2.5--1.5) = 4/-1 = -4 c= (2-0)/(-1.5--0.5) = 2/-1 = -2 d= (2-0)/(1.5-0.5) = 2/1 = 2 e= (6-2)/(2.5-1.5) = 4/-1 = 4 f= (12-6)/(3.5-2.5) = 6/1 = 6 g= (20-12)/(4.5-3.5) = 8/1 = 8 As you can see, the results I have obtained are good round numbers. These results however are not accurate to the tangents I drew on the graph. There is always going to be an inaccuracy in a graph, even if that inaccuracy is 0.25 of a millimetre. Therefore, I can only accept these results as estimates. As you can see, they are all twice their x value. Therefore, for the graph of y=x2, the formula for the gradient of a tangent is g=2x. I am left with the question of accuracy. I cannot get total accuracy, but there are ways I can get very close to an accurate answer. One such way is to use the method of using a line inside the curve. Judging by this trend, I can use this method to find more accurate results. If I were to use very short lines, (3,9) to (3.0000001,9.0000006) for example, then use the y step/x step method to find the gradient, I would get an answer very close to the correct gradient. In this case, I would get a gradient of 6 for the tangent at x=3, which from the graph work I know to...
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added: 01/22/2012
Multistrand Science HOW IS THE GREAT BARRIER REEF MADE? 1. Copy Figure 9.12 into your book. Include the underwater contours on your map. How long is The Great Barrier Reef? Where is the reef widest? Where is it narrowest? 2. Why do you think it is called The Great Barrier Reef? Is it really a barrier? The reef got it's name by 'Great' because of it's size and 'Barrier' because it has been built up in front of the coast like some massive barrier. 3. Which factors have set its Northern and Southern extent? The Northern end doesn't extend any further because vast quantities of fresh water and sediment are dumped into the Gulf of Papua by the Fly River. The lower end won't stretch any further southward because large amounts of sand are being washed North along the coast and coral can't survive in sandy water. 4.What do you notice about the ocean depths to the East of the reef? How does this determine the Eastward extent of the reef? Describe what would happen if the ocean level fell 200m. The reef is very deep towards the East of the reef but in the shallower bits there are lots of patch reefs which if the ocean was to fall 200m the reefs would die because they would be exposed and they would have to re-adapt. 5. What is the reef made from? How have changing sea levels affected the reef? The reef is made up of dead coral skeletons, (which make the shape) new coral, water plants and sea animals. When the sea levels where higher the reefs grew upwards, when the sea levels dropped the reef died, when the sea level rose again the new coral grew on top of the old coral. 6. What conditions favour the development of the reefs? What evidence in fig. 9.12 suggests that...
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added: 08/22/2011